sql presentation introduction

What is SQL ?

SQL ( Structured Query Language ) is a pseudo-computer language and normalized standard designed to interrogate or manipulate a relational database with:

language data definition ( DDL - Data Definition Language )
language of data manipulation ( DML - Data Manipulation Language), the most common and most visible of SQL
language Control Data ( DCL - Data Control Language)
language of control transactions ( TCL - : Transaction Control Language)
and other modules used in particular to write routines ( procedures, functions or triggers ) and interact with external languages.
SQL is in the same family as the languages SEQUEL ( which he is descended), IS or QBE (Zloof).

SQL is divided into 5 parts, namely:
Orders LDD (definition language data, or DDL, Data Definition Language) to change the structure of the database
DML commands (language of data manipulation, or DML, Data Manipulation Language) to view / edit the contents of the database
Orders LCD (control language data, or DCL Data Control Language) can manage privileges, that is to say, users and the actions they can undertake
Orders LCT (control language transactions, or TCL: Transaction Control Language,) can manage the transactions, that is to say make atomic various levels chained in sequence
SQL procedural: PSM (Persistent Stored Module), CLI (Call Level Interface), Embedded SQL, ... which is a set of tools to develop procedures, triggers (triggers) and Functions (UDF: User Define Function) and that SQL interfaces with host languages.

Language extension
PL / SQL for Oracle, Transact-SQL for Microsoft SQL Server and Sybase, SQL PL for IBM DB2, PL / pgSQL for PostgreSQL for Documentum DQL EMC

Systems Management database wich use SQL :
4th Dimension (4D)
Access
Advantage Database
Adonix X3
Base
DB2
Firebird
FoxPro - Visual FoxPro
HyperFile
Informix
Ingres
  InterBase
MaxDB (formerly SAP DB)
Microsoft SQL Server
Mimer
MySQL
Nexus
Ocelot
Oracle
Paradox
Pick
PostgreSQL 
Progress OpenEdge
SmallSQL
SQL 2000 i (Pervasive)
SQLBase (Centura)
SQLite
SQL / MM
Sybase
Teradata